Shin splints are caused by inflammation of the periosteum of the tibia, and are common in athletes whose sports involve a lot of running. They typically occur when the force of the lower leg muscles causes friction on the periosteum, resulting in inflammation and sharp shin pain.

Symptoms

• Pain on the inside of the shin
• Pain that eases as exercise is continued
• Pain when toes or foot are bent downward
• Lumps or bumps on the inside of the shin bone

Treatment

• Resting and icing the area of the injury
• Applying heat prior to exercise to reduce pain
• Wearing proper footwear
• Anti-inflammatory drugs or painkillers
• Physical therapy